C&P Exam for Ring or little finger, limitation of motion (DC 5230)
Which form the examiner uses
For ring or little finger, limitation of motion (DC 5230), the C&P examiner completes the following Disability Benefits Questionnaire (DBQ):
- DBQ MUSC Hand and Finger (public PDF on VA.gov)
DBQs are Department of Veterans Affairs Form 21-0960 series documents. Public DBQs are hosted on benefits.va.gov. A handful are examiner-only and are not posted publicly.
What the examiner records
The fields below are reproduced from the DBQ form the examiner completes for this diagnostic code. This is the structural map of the form, showing what the examiner is asked to measure, observe, and record. It is a factual reproduction of the public DBQ, not advice on how to answer.
This DBQ evaluates hand and finger conditions including range of motion, ankylosis, muscle strength, and functional impact.
How DC 5230 maps to this DBQ: for this diagnostic code specifically, the examiner typically completes sections I-IV, VI, and IX-XI of this form. Section III is the condition-specific section for this code. Sections V and VII-VIII cover unrelated conditions on this DBQ and are skipped.
DIAGNOSIS (Section I)
- 1A. List the claimed condition(s) that pertain to this questionnaire
- 1B. Select diagnoses associated with the claimed condition(s) (check all that apply)
- Side affected: Right / Left / Both
- ICD Code
- Date of diagnosis
- The Veteran does not have a current diagnosis associated with any claimed condition(s) listed above
- Dupuytren's contracture
- Trigger finger
- Swan neck deformity
- Boutonniare deformity
- Mallet finger
- Gamekeeper's thumb
- Instability (chronic collateral ligament sprain)
- Volar plate injury
- MCP/PIP joint prosthetic replacement
- Ankylosis of digit joint(s), specify joint(s)
- Degenerative arthritis, other than posttraumatic
- Arthritis, gonorrheal
- Arthritis, pneumococcic
- Arthritis, streptococcic
- Arthritis, syphilitic
- Arthritis, rheumatoid (multi-joint)
- Post-traumatic arthritis
- Arthritis, typhoid
- Other specified forms of arthropathy (excluding gout) (specify)
- Osteoporosis, residuals of
- Osteomalacia, residuals of
- Bones, neoplasm, benign
- Osteitis deformans
- Gout
- Bursitis
- Myositis
- Heterotopic ossification
- Tendinopathy (select one if known)
- Tendinitis
- Tendinosis
- Tenosynovitis
- Inflammatory other types (specify)
- Other (specify)
- Other diagnosis #1
- Other diagnosis #2
- 1C. If there are additional diagnoses that pertain to hand and finger conditions, list using above format
MEDICAL HISTORY (Section II)
- 2A. Describe the history (including onset and course) of the Veteran's hand, finger or thumb condition (brief summary)
- 2B. Does the Veteran report flare-ups of the hand, finger or thumb? Yes / No
- If yes, document the Veteran's description of the flare-ups he or she experiences, including the frequency, duration, characteristics, precipitating and alleviating factors, severity and/or extent of functional impairment he or she experiences during a flare-up of symptoms
- 2C. Does the Veteran report having any functional loss or functional impairment of the joint or extremity being evaluated on this questionnaire, including but not limited to after repeated use over time? Yes / No
- If yes, document the Veteran's description of functional loss or functional impairment in his/her own words
RANGE OF MOTION (ROM) AND FUNCTIONAL LIMITATION (Section III)
- 3A. Initial ROM measurements: All normal / Unable to test / Abnormal or outside of normal range / Not indicated
- If 'Unable to test' or 'Not indicated', please explain
- If ROM is outside of 'normal' range, but is normal for the Veteran (for reason other than a hand/fingers condition, such as age, body habitus, neurologic disease), please describe
- If abnormal, does the range of motion itself contribute to a functional loss? Yes / No (if yes, please explain)
- Can testing be performed? Yes / No
- If this is the unclaimed joint, is it: Damaged / Undamaged
- Active Range of Motion (ROM) - Index finger MCP Flexion endpoint
- Active Range of Motion (ROM) - Index finger PIP Flexion endpoint
- Active Range of Motion (ROM) - Index finger DIP Flexion endpoint
- Active Range of Motion (ROM) - Index finger MCP Extension endpoint
- Active Range of Motion (ROM) - Index finger PIP Extension endpoint
- Active Range of Motion (ROM) - Index finger DIP Extension endpoint
- Active Range of Motion (ROM) - Long finger MCP Flexion endpoint
- Active Range of Motion (ROM) - Long finger PIP Flexion endpoint
- Active Range of Motion (ROM) - Long finger DIP Flexion endpoint
- Active Range of Motion (ROM) - Long finger MCP Extension endpoint
- Active Range of Motion (ROM) - Long finger PIP Extension endpoint
- Active Range of Motion (ROM) - Long finger DIP Extension endpoint
- Active Range of Motion (ROM) - Ring finger MCP Flexion endpoint
- Active Range of Motion (ROM) - Ring finger PIP Flexion endpoint
- Active Range of Motion (ROM) - Ring finger DIP Flexion endpoint
- Active Range of Motion (ROM) - Ring finger MCP Extension endpoint
- Active Range of Motion (ROM) - Ring finger PIP Extension endpoint
- Active Range of Motion (ROM) - Ring finger DIP Extension endpoint
- Active Range of Motion (ROM) - Little finger MCP Flexion endpoint
- Active Range of Motion (ROM) - Little finger PIP Flexion endpoint
- Active Range of Motion (ROM) - Little finger DIP Flexion endpoint
- Active Range of Motion (ROM) - Little finger MCP Extension endpoint
- Active Range of Motion (ROM) - Little finger PIP Extension endpoint
- Active Range of Motion (ROM) - Little finger DIP Extension endpoint
- Active Range of Motion (ROM) - Thumb MCP Flexion endpoint
- Active Range of Motion (ROM) - Thumb IP Flexion endpoint
- Active Range of Motion (ROM) - Thumb MCP Extension endpoint
- Active Range of Motion (ROM) - Thumb IP Extension endpoint
- Is there a gap between the pad of the thumb and fingers? Yes / No / cm
- Is there a gap between the finger and proximal transverse crease of the hand on maximal finger flexion? Yes / No
- Index Finger cm / Long Finger cm
- Is there objective evidence of localized tenderness or pain on palpation of the joint or associated soft tissue? Yes / No
- If yes, please explain. Include location, severity, and relationship to condition(s).
- If noted on examination, which digit exhibited pain (select all that apply): Index finger / Long finger / Thumb / Ring finger / Little finger
- If any limitation of motion or gap is specifically attributable to pain, weakness, fatigability, incoordination, or other; please note the degree(s) (if different than above) in which limitation of motion or gap is specifically attributable to the factors identified and describe
- Passive Range of Motion - Index finger MCP Flexion endpoint
- Passive Range of Motion - Index finger PIP Flexion endpoint
- Passive Range of Motion - Index finger DIP Flexion endpoint
- Passive Range of Motion - Index finger MCP Extension endpoint
- Passive Range of Motion - Index finger PIP Extension endpoint
- Passive Range of Motion - Index finger DIP Extension endpoint
- Passive Range of Motion - Index finger Flexion same as active ROM
- Passive Range of Motion - Index finger Extension same as active ROM
- Passive Range of Motion - Long finger MCP Flexion endpoint
- Passive Range of Motion - Long finger PIP Flexion endpoint
- Passive Range of Motion - Long finger DIP Flexion endpoint
- Passive Range of Motion - Long finger MCP Extension endpoint
- Passive Range of Motion - Long finger PIP Extension endpoint
- Passive Range of Motion - Long finger DIP Extension endpoint
- Passive Range of Motion - Long finger Flexion same as active ROM
- Passive Range of Motion - Long finger Extension same as active ROM
- Passive Range of Motion - Ring finger MCP Flexion endpoint
- Passive Range of Motion - Ring finger PIP Flexion endpoint
- Passive Range of Motion - Ring finger DIP Flexion endpoint
- Passive Range of Motion - Ring finger MCP Extension endpoint
- Passive Range of Motion - Ring finger PIP Extension endpoint
- Passive Range of Motion - Ring finger DIP Extension endpoint
- Passive Range of Motion - Ring finger Flexion same as active ROM
- Passive Range of Motion - Ring finger Extension same as active ROM
- Passive Range of Motion - Little finger MCP Flexion endpoint
- Passive Range of Motion - Little finger PIP Flexion endpoint
- Passive Range of Motion - Little finger DIP Flexion endpoint
- Passive Range of Motion - Little finger MCP Extension endpoint
- Passive Range of Motion - Little finger PIP Extension endpoint
- Passive Range of Motion - Little finger DIP Extension endpoint
- Passive Range of Motion - Little finger Flexion same as active ROM
- Passive Range of Motion - Little finger Extension same as active ROM
- Passive Range of Motion - Thumb MCP Flexion endpoint
- Passive Range of Motion - Thumb IP Flexion endpoint
- Passive Range of Motion - Thumb MCP Extension endpoint
- Passive Range of Motion - Thumb IP Extension endpoint
- Passive Range of Motion - Thumb Flexion same as active ROM
- Passive Range of Motion - Thumb Extension same as active ROM
- Is there a gap between the pad of the thumb and fingers on passive ROM? Yes / No / cm
- Is there a gap between the finger and proximal transverse crease of the hand on maximal finger flexion on passive ROM? Yes / No
- Is there objective evidence of localized tenderness or pain on palpation of the joint or associated soft tissue on passive ROM? Yes / No
- If noted on examination, which digit on passive ROM exhibited pain (select all that apply): Index finger / Long finger / Thumb / Ring finger / Little finger
- Is there evidence of pain? Yes / No
- If yes check all that apply: weight-bearing / nonweight-bearing / active motion / passive motion / on rest/nonmovement / causes functional loss / does not result in/cause functional loss
- Comments
- 3B. Observed repetitive use ROM - Is the Veteran able to perform repetitive-use testing with at least three repetitions? Yes / No
- Is there additional loss of function or range of motion after three repetitions? Yes / No
- ROM values after three repetitions - Index finger MCP/PIP/DIP Flexion endpoint
- ROM values after three repetitions - Index finger MCP/PIP/DIP Extension endpoint
- ROM values after three repetitions - Long finger MCP/PIP/DIP Flexion endpoint
- ROM values after three repetitions - Long finger MCP/PIP/DIP Extension endpoint
- ROM values after three repetitions - Ring finger MCP/PIP/DIP Flexion endpoint
- ROM values after three repetitions - Ring finger MCP/PIP/DIP Extension endpoint
- ROM values after three repetitions - Little finger MCP/PIP/DIP Flexion endpoint
- ROM values after three repetitions - Little finger MCP/PIP/DIP Extension endpoint
- ROM values after three repetitions - Thumb MCP/IP Flexion endpoint
- ROM values after three repetitions - Thumb MCP/IP Extension endpoint
- Is there a gap between the pad of the thumb and fingers after the completion of three repetitions? Yes / No / cm
- Is there a gap between the finger and proximal transverse crease of the hand on maximal finger flexion after the completion of three repetitions? Yes / No
- Select factors that cause this functional loss: (check all that apply) Pain / Fatigability / Weakness / Lack of endurance / Incoordination / N/A / Other
- 3C. Repeated use over time - Is the Veteran being examined immediately after repeated use over time? Yes / No
- Does procured evidence (statements from the Veteran) suggest pain, fatigability, weakness, lack of endurance, or incoordination which significantly limits functional ability with repeated use over time? Yes / No
- Select factors that cause this functional loss. (Check all that apply) Pain / Fatigability / Weakness / Lack of endurance / Incoordination / N/A / Other
- Estimate range of motion in degrees for this joint immediately after repeated use over time - Index finger MCP/PIP/DIP Flexion/Extension endpoint
- Estimate range of motion in degrees for this joint immediately after repeated use over time - Long finger MCP/PIP/DIP Flexion/Extension endpoint
- Estimate range of motion in degrees for this joint immediately after repeated use over time - Ring finger MCP/PIP/DIP Flexion/Extension endpoint
- Estimate range of motion in degrees for this joint immediately after repeated use over time - Little finger MCP/PIP/DIP Flexion/Extension endpoint
- Estimate range of motion in degrees for this joint immediately after repeated use over time - Thumb MCP/IP Flexion/Extension endpoint
- Estimate the gap between the pad of the thumb and fingers immediately after repeated use over time. cm
- Estimate the gap between the finger and proximal transverse crease of the hand on maximal finger flexion immediately after repeated use over time. Index Finger cm / Long Finger cm
- Please cite and discuss evidence. (Must be specific to the case and based on all procurable evidence.)
- 3D. Flare-ups - Is the Veteran being examined immediately after repeated use over time? Yes / No
- Does procured evidence (statements from the Veteran) suggest pain, fatigability, weakness, lack of endurance, or incoordination which significantly limits functional ability with repeated use over time? Yes / No
- Select factors that cause this functional loss. (Check all that apply) Pain / Fatigability / Weakness / Lack of endurance / Incoordination / N/A / Other
- Estimate range of motion in degrees for this joint immediately after repeated use over time - Index finger MCP/PIP/DIP Flexion/Extension endpoint (flare-ups)
- Estimate range of motion in degrees for this joint immediately after repeated use over time - Long finger MCP/PIP/DIP Flexion/Extension endpoint (flare-ups)
- Estimate range of motion in degrees for this joint immediately after repeated use over time - Ring finger MCP/PIP/DIP Flexion/Extension endpoint (flare-ups)
- Estimate range of motion in degrees for this joint immediately after repeated use over time - Little finger MCP/PIP/DIP Flexion/Extension endpoint (flare-ups)
- Estimate range of motion in degrees for this joint immediately after repeated use over time - Thumb MCP/IP Flexion/Extension endpoint (flare-ups)
- Estimate the gap between the pad of the thumb and fingers immediately after repeated use over time. cm (flare-ups)
- Estimate the gap between the finger and proximal transverse crease of the hand on maximal finger flexion immediately after repeated use over time. Index Finger cm / Long Finger cm (flare-ups)
- Please cite and discuss evidence. (Must be specific to the case and based on all procurable evidence.) (flare-ups)
- 3E. Additional factors contributing to disability - In addition to those addressed above, are there additional contributing factors of disability? Please select all that apply and describe: None / Interference with sitting / Interference with standing / Swelling / Disturbance of locomotion / Deformity / Less movement than normal / More movement than normal / Weakened movement / Atrophy of disuse / Instability of station / Other, describe
- Please describe additional contributing factors of disability
MUSCLE STRENGTH TESTING (Section IV)
- 4A. Muscle strength - Hand grip: /5 (Right)
- 4A. Muscle strength - Hand grip: /5 (Left)
- 4B. If the Veteran has a reduction in muscle strength, is it due to the claimed condition in the diagnosis section? Yes / No
- If no, provide rationale
- 4C. Does the Veteran have muscle atrophy? Yes / No
- 4D. If yes, is the muscle atrophy due to the claimed condition in the diagnosis section? Yes / No
- If no, provide rationale
- 4E. Right upper extremity (specify location of measurement)
- Circumference of more normal side: cm
- Circumference of atrophied side: cm
- 4E. Left upper extremity (specify location of measurement)
- Circumference of more normal side: cm (left)
- Circumference of atrophied side: cm (left)
ANKYLOSIS (Section V)
- 5A. Index finger - MCP joint: No ankylosis / MCP ankylosis
- If ankylosed, is there rotation of a bone? Yes / No (Index MCP)
- If ankylosed, is there angulation of a bone? Yes / No (Index MCP)
- If ankylosed, what is the position of ankylosis? In extension / In full flexion / Other, degrees of flexion (Index MCP)
- 5A. Index finger - PIP joint: No ankylosis / PIP ankylosis
- If ankylosed, is there rotation of a bone? Yes / No (Index PIP)
- If ankylosed, is there angulation of a bone? Yes / No (Index PIP)
- If ankylosed, what is the position of ankylosis? In extension / In full flexion / Other, degrees of flexion (Index PIP)
- 5A. Long finger - MCP joint: No ankylosis / MCP ankylosis
- If ankylosed, is there rotation of a bone? Yes / No (Long MCP)
- If ankylosed, is there angulation of a bone? Yes / No (Long MCP)
- If ankylosed, what is the position of ankylosis? In extension / In full flexion / Other, degrees of flexion (Long MCP)
- 5A. Long finger - PIP joint: No ankylosis / PIP ankylosis
- If ankylosed, is there rotation of a bone? Yes / No (Long PIP)
- If ankylosed, is there angulation of a bone? Yes / No (Long PIP)
- If ankylosed, what is the position of ankylosis? In extension / In full flexion / Other, degrees of flexion (Long PIP)
- 5A. Ring finger - MCP joint: No ankylosis / MCP ankylosis
- If ankylosed, is there rotation of a bone? Yes / No (Ring MCP)
- If ankylosed, is there angulation of a bone? Yes / No (Ring MCP)
- If ankylosed, what is the position of ankylosis? In extension / In full flexion / Other, degrees of flexion (Ring MCP)
- 5A. Ring finger - PIP joint: No ankylosis / PIP ankylosis
- If ankylosed, is there rotation of a bone? Yes / No (Ring PIP)
- If ankylosed, is there angulation of a bone? Yes / No (Ring PIP)
- If ankylosed, what is the position of ankylosis? In extension / In full flexion / Other, degrees of flexion (Ring PIP)
- 5A. Little finger - MCP joint: No ankylosis / MCP ankylosis
- If ankylosed, is there rotation of a bone? Yes / No (Little MCP)
- If ankylosed, is there angulation of a bone? Yes / No (Little MCP)
- If ankylosed, what is the position of ankylosis? In extension / In full flexion / Other, degrees of flexion (Little MCP)
- 5A. Little finger - PIP joint: No ankylosis / PIP ankylosis
- If ankylosed, is there rotation of a bone? Yes / No (Little PIP)
- If ankylosed, is there angulation of a bone? Yes / No (Little PIP)
- If ankylosed, what is the position of ankylosis? In extension / In full flexion / Other, degrees of flexion (Little PIP)
- 5A. Thumb - CMC joint: No ankylosis / CMC ankylosis
- If ankylosed, is there rotation of a bone? Yes / No (Thumb CMC)
- If ankylosed, is there angulation of a bone? Yes / No (Thumb CMC)
- If ankylosed, what is the position of ankylosis? In extension / In full flexion / Other, degrees of flexion (Thumb CMC)
- 5A. Thumb - MCP joint: No ankylosis / MCP ankylosis
- If ankylosed, is there rotation of a bone? Yes / No (Thumb MCP)
- If ankylosed, is there angulation of a bone? Yes / No (Thumb MCP)
- If ankylosed, what is the position of ankylosis? In extension / In full flexion / Other, degrees of flexion (Thumb MCP)
- 5A. Thumb - IP joint: No ankylosis / IP ankylosis
- If ankylosed, is there rotation of a bone? Yes / No (Thumb IP)
- If ankylosed, is there angulation of a bone? Yes / No (Thumb IP)
- If ankylosed, what is the position of ankylosis? In extension / In full flexion / Other, degrees of flexion (Thumb IP)
- 5B. Does the ankylosis result in limitation of motion of other digits or interference with overall function of the hand? Yes / No
- If no, provide rationale
OTHER PERTINENT PHYSICAL FINDINGS, COMPLICATIONS, CONDITIONS, SIGNS, SYMPTOMS, AND SCARS (Section VI)
- 6A. Does the Veteran have any other pertinent physical findings, complications, conditions, signs or symptoms related to any conditions listed in the diagnosis section above? Yes / No
- If yes, describe (brief summary)
- 6B. Does the Veteran have any scars or other disfigurement (of the skin) related to any conditions or to the treatment of any conditions listed in the diagnosis section above? Yes / No
ASSISTIVE DEVICES (Section VII)
- 7A. Does the Veteran use any assistive devices? Yes / No
- Brace - Frequency of use: Occasional / Regular / Constant
- Other, describe - Frequency of use: Occasional / Regular / Constant
- 7B. If the Veteran uses any assistive devices, specify the condition, indicate the side, and identify the assistive device used for each condition
REMAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTION OF THE EXTREMITIES (Section VIII)
- 8A. Due to the Veteran's hand, finger, or thumb condition(s), is there functional impairment of an extremity such that no effective functions remain other than that which would be equally well served by an amputation with prosthesis (functions of the upper extremity include grasping, manipulation, etc.)? Yes, functioning is so diminished that amputation with prosthesis would equally serve the Veteran / No
- If yes, indicate extremities for which this applies: Right upper / Left upper
- 8B. For each checked extremity, identify the condition causing loss of function, describe loss of effective function and provide specific examples (brief summary)
DIAGNOSTIC TESTING (Section IX)
- 9A. Have clinically relevant diagnostic imaging studies or other diagnostic procedures been performed or reviewed in conjunction with this examination? Yes / No
- 9B. If yes, is degenerative or post-traumatic arthritis documented? Yes / No
- Indicate side: Right / Left / Both
- 9C. Is degenerative or post-traumatic arthritis documented in multiple joints of the same hand, including thumb and fingers? Yes / No
- If yes, indicate side: Right / Left / Both
- 9D. If yes (to 9B and/or 9C), provide type of test or procedure, date, and results (brief summary)
- 9E. Are there any other clinically relevant diagnostic test findings or results related to the claimed condition(s) and/or diagnosis(es), that were reviewed in conjunction with this examination? Yes / No
- If yes, provide type of test or procedure, date, and results (brief summary)
- 9F. If any test results are other than normal, indicate relationship of abnormal findings to diagnosed conditions
FUNCTIONAL IMPACT (Section X)
- 10A. Regardless of the Veteran's current employment status, do the conditions listed in the diagnosis section impact his/her ability to perform any type of occupational task (such as standing, walking, lifting, sitting, etc.)? Yes / No
- If yes, describe the functional impact of each condition, providing one or more examples
REMARKS (Section XI)
- 11A. Remarks (if any - please identify the section to which the remark pertains when appropriate)
Rating Levels for DC 5230
The following tiers are reproduced from 38 CFR Part 4, the VA Schedule for Rating Disabilities. Toggle between the official VA criteria and a Plain English explanation.
Plain-English summaries are AI-generated to explain the official criteria. The official 38 CFR language is the binding legal standard. When in doubt, ask a VSO.
What the Board discussed in granted decisions for DC 5230
The themes below were extracted by clustering 500 grant-factor sentences from published Board of Veterans Appeals decisions for this diagnostic code. Frequencies indicate how often each theme appeared in the sample. This is a factual aggregate of the public record, not advice or strategy for any specific claim.
- 31% Benefit of doubt doctrine noted as inapplicable, claim deniedThe Board recorded that the preponderance or weight of evidence was against the claim and therefore the benefit of the doubt doctrine did not apply, resulting in denial.156 of 500 sample sentences
- 19% Benefit of doubt applied, grant or higher rating awardedThe Board recorded that evidence was in approximate balance or equipoise and resolved the benefit of the doubt in the Veteran's favor, resulting in a grant or increased rating.97 of 500 sample sentences
- 17% Legal standard for benefit of doubt doctrine citedThe Board cited the statutory or regulatory standard requiring that when positive and negative evidence is in approximate balance or nearly equal, the benefit of the doubt must be given to the claimant.87 of 500 sample sentences
- 12% Evidence found in equipoise or relative balanceThe Board recorded a finding that the evidence for and against the claim was in approximate balance, relative equipoise, or nearly equal on a material issue.62 of 500 sample sentences
- 11% Medical nexus opinion noted as at least as likely as notThe Board recorded that a VA or private examiner opined it was at least as likely as not that a current disability was incurred in, caused by, or related to the Veteran's military service.55 of 500 sample sentences
- 6% Examiner directed to provide at-least-as-likely nexus opinionThe Board recorded remand instructions directing an examiner to state whether it was at least as likely as not that a diagnosed condition was related to or caused by service.30 of 500 sample sentences
- 1% Record supported finding of specific disability criteria metThe Board recorded that the evidence of record supported a factual finding that the Veteran's disability met specific rating criteria, such as painful motion, functional loss, or a particular diagnostic threshold.7 of 500 sample sentences
- 1% Board applicability of benefit of doubt doctrine considered but not dispositiveThe Board noted that it considered the applicability of the benefit of the doubt doctrine in reaching its conclusions without further elaboration on the outcome of that consideration.6 of 500 sample sentences
Disclaimer: This page reproduces public Department of Veterans Affairs forms (DBQs) and verbatim text from 38 CFR Part 4 (the VA Schedule for Rating Disabilities). It is informational only and is not legal or medical advice. For guidance on a specific claim, contact a VA-accredited representative.